Mesothelioma and Asbestos Asbestos can cause a number of medical ailments. One of these is mesothelioma. This rare cancer affects the linings of specific organs. The most common mesothelioma forms are pleural and peritoneal. Mesothelioma is caused by inhaling asbestos fibres. These fibres cause inflammation and scarring in the lungs. https://vimeo.com/704939332